The former player: 'I wanted to continue playing'
Warning: This piece includes details of racially offensive language and conduct
FormerEngland centre Luther Burrell states that speaking out to expose racial discrimination in rugby union brought his career to an early conclusion.
In a June 2022, Burrell characterized racism as being "rife" in the sport, displaying Whatsapp messages and remembering training ground "jokes" he had been exposed to while playing for Newcastle.
Then 34 and without a team, Burrell's only professional rugby since has been a handful of games with invitational side the Barbarians.
"I have absolutely had to end my career because of what happened," he told reporters.
"I hoped to carry on competing, of course I did. I sought that, and it fell through when news emerged that there were inquiries going on.
"This situation was challenging - I had to simply come to terms with the outcome and understand that this entire process is a lot more important than me."
A sports organization report in 2023 found Burrell's allegations were true "on the balance of probability", but stated it could not collect sufficient proof to definitively say they happened at Newcastle.
Luther Burrell played in all of England's Six Nations games in 2014 and 2015, but was controversially excluded for their team for the 2015 World Cup
Burrell told journalists he also encountered discrimination within the England team environment, during a international career that saw him earn 15 appearances after his first game in February 2014.
"I have had several traumatic experiences within the national team," he stated.
"Certain instances of discrimination and other just old-school mentality that's really unacceptable."
Racism had become normalised in dressing rooms, in Burrell's experience.
"This is something that has been dressed up as humour and that's been the problem that I've personally experienced and seen," said Burrell, who is of Jamaican heritage.
"During a extended period you just begin to think that it's the norm and that is fine and that it's not malicious, but that's nonsense."
Burrell explains he was finally spurred to go public after a fellow player at Newcastle called him as a "slave" and told him to put sunscreen on his wrists and ankles "where chains would be placed."
The rugby authority said Burrell's disclosures had led to "a deeper look at the culture within the professional level and to the implementation of an strategy for the professional game."
"The organization has given significant focus on inclusion and inclusion in the sport and a great deal of work completed both prior and since Luther Burrell spoke publicly and shared his encounters of racism and classism," it added.
"The organization are ongoing work with teams and stakeholders in the professional game to work for a environment of inclusivity but recognize this requires patience and is an ongoing process."
Every Prem and PWR club now has in-person training on building inclusive environments, with its effectiveness tracked via specific documentation and surveys.
All England players, including age-grade squads, are educated in being "engaged observers" to step in and protect others from harmful behaviour.
"You be so proud of what you have accomplished," Burrell's mother Joyce said to him as part of the documentary Luther Burrell - Rugby, Racism and Redemption.
"I know it has had this impact on you and finished your career, but in our view, you have done so much. We are so impressed of you and to have you as a son."
Burrell's dad Geoff died shortly after the filming of the film, and his sister died earlier this year.
Burrell, who grew up on a social housing in his hometown, maintains his work to make the game more accessible.
His 12 Foundation works to reach young people in disadvantaged communities and help them thrive on and off the pitch with free sports coaching, guidance and nutrition education.
"My personal motivations are genuine, I want to see the evolution of the sport and if nobody else is prepared to share their story then I'll persist to advocate for that fight because I'm not just doing this for myself," he explained.
"Everyone involved have an responsibility to make the game as great as it can be and the longer I talk about it perhaps the more confident others will feel about discussing their personal stories as well.
"I need to take the bull by the horns and keep bearing this banner and continue carrying this weight and do what I can to create opportunities and make the game more attractive and more welcoming.
"There are a lot of underprivileged young people and a lot of economic hardship and I honestly think that the sport has the ability to transform their futures, just as it did for me."
Burrell scored a try for the Barbarians on a return to previous team Northampton in November 2022